Chemical composition of agro-industrial byproducts from corn (Zea mays) used in ruminant feed
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the chemical composition of agro-industrial maize (Zea mays) residues to evaluate their potential for ruminant feeding. A completely randomized design was used with four treatments: corn cob husk, corn silk, corn cob (tusa), and corn stover (panca), each with five replicates. Samples were analyzed using conventional bromatological methods to determine dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF). The results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) among treatments, reflecting the nutritional variability of the evaluated by-products. The corn cob (tusa) presented the highest dry matter content (98.72%) and also high ether extract values (3.29%). The husk showed the highest crude protein content (6.45%), followed by corn silk (5.56%). Corn stover (panca) registered the highest ash content (6.33%) and the lowest NDF value (69.15%), suggesting better intake potential. In contrast, the husk and corn cob showed the highest NDF contents. Corn silk presented the lowest ADF content (21.41%), indicating lower lignification. It is concluded that these residues have variable compositions that influence their nutritional value; therefore, their inclusion in ruminant diets should be carried out strategically and in a balanced manner.
Downloads
Article Details
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
AOAC International. (2019). Official methods of analysis of AOAC International (21st ed.). AOAC International.
Campos-Granados, C. M., & Arce-Vega, J. (2016). Sustitutos de maíz utilizados en la alimentación animal en Costa Rica. Nutrición Animal Tropical, 10(2), 91–113. https://doi.org/10.15517/nat.v10i2.27327 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15517/nat.v10i2.27327
Castellanos, S., Gamarra, J., Gómez, C., & Fernández, M. (2017). Amonificación de la panca de maíz (Zea mays L.) con tres niveles de urea para la mejora de su digestibilidad. Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, 28(1), 78–85. https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v28i1.12946 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v28i1.12946
Dias-da-Silva, A. A., Mascarenhas Ferreira, A., & Guedes, C. V. M. (1988). Effects of moisture level, treatment time and soya bean addition on the nutritive value of urea-treated maize stover. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 19(1–2), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(88)90055-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(88)90055-7
Espinoza Guerra, I., Montenegro Vivas, L., Sánchez Laiño, A., Romero Romero, M., Medina Villacís, M., García Martínez, A., & Barrera-Alvarez, A. (2017). Composición bromatológica y degradabilidad ruminal in situ de residuos agroindustriales de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis) y plátano (Musa paradisiaca). Ciencia y Tecnología, 10(2), 63–68. https://doi.org/10.18779/cyt.v10i2.209 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18779/cyt.v10i2.209
Fernandes, F. D., Guimarães Júnior, R., Vieira, E. A., Fialho, J. de F., & Malaquias, J. V. (2016). Produtividade e valor nutricional da parte aérea e de raízes tuberosas de oito genótipos de mandioca de indústria. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 17(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-99402016000100001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-99402016000100001
Fuentes, J., Magaña, C., Suárez, L., Peña, R., Rodríguez, S. A., & Ortíz de la Rosa, B. (2001). Análisis químico y digestibilidad “in vitro” de rastrojo de maíz (Zea mays L.). Agronomía Mesoamericana, 12(2), 189–192. https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v12i2.17232 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v12i2.17232
Manterola B., H., & Cerda A., D. (2017, 21 de abril). Uso de residuos agroindustriales en alimentación de rumiantes y métodos para mejorar su eficiencia de uso. Engormix. https://www.engormix.com/ganaderia/subproductos-nutricion-bovina/uso-residuos-agroindustriales-alimentacion_a31923/
Ortiz-Tovar, G., López-Miranda, J., Cerrillo-Soto, M. A., Juárez-Reyes, A., Favela-Torres, E., & Soto-Cruz, O. (2007). Effect of solid substrate fermentation on the nutritional quality of agro-industrial residues. Interciencia, 32(5), 339–343. https://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0378-18442007000500011
Ramírez, G. R., Aguilera-González, J. C., García-Díaz, G., & Núñez-González, A. M. (2007). Effect of urea treatment on chemical composition and digestion of Cenchrus ciliaris and Cynodon dactylon hays and Zea mays residues. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 6(8), 1036–1041. https://makhillpublications.co/view-single-article?doi=javaa.2007.1036.1041
Sánchez Laiño, A., Torres Navarrete, E., Estupiñán Véliz, K., Vargas Burgos, J. C., Sánchez Torres, J., & Sánchez Vélez, N. (2015). Valoración nutritiva del rastrojo de Zea mays y Oryza sativa para la alimentación de ovinos en el trópico ecuatoriano. Revista Amazónica Ciencia y Tecnología, 4(3), 235–249. https://revistas.uea.edu.ec/index.php/racyt/article/view/54 DOI: https://doi.org/10.59410/RACYT-v04n03ep02-0054
Troncozo-Correa, J. B., Rodríguez-Intriago, C. K., Arteaga-Terán, A. G., Pillasagua-León, I. R., & Arechua-Pino, K. F. (2026). Potencial antifúngico de extractos vegetales contra Puccinia sorghi en el cultivo de Zea mays. Revista Científica Ciencia Y Método, 4(2), 17-31. https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/rcym/v4/n2/177 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/rcym/v4/n2/177
Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant (2nd ed.). Cornell University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501732355
Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10), 3583–3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
Villa, A. F., Meléndez, A. P., Carulla, J. E., Pabón, M. L., & Cárdenas, E. A. (2010). Estudio microbiológico y calidad nutricional del ensilaje de maíz en dos ecorregiones de Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 23(1), 65–77. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.324531 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.324531