Integration of exoskeletons in the recovery of patients with motor disabilities: towards a new era in physiotherapy
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Published:
2024-01-31
Keywords:
Exoskeletons, Rehabilitation, Mobility, Motor
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Abstract
This article examines the integration of exoskeletons in the rehabilitation of patients with motor disabilities, highlighting their potential to improve mobility, muscle strength and quality of life. Through a qualitative literature review methodology, recent studies, success stories and comparisons between different populations were analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of exoskeletons. The results indicate significant improvements in patient mobility and independence, although challenges in implementation were identified, such as the need for specialized training for healthcare professionals, customization of the device to the patient, and economic barriers. The discussion highlights the importance of integrating exoskeletons with conventional therapies and emerging technologies, such as virtual reality, to overcome these challenges and improve rehabilitation outcomes. The conclusions emphasize the efficacy of exoskeletons in motor disability rehabilitation and recommend the development of training programs, more adaptable exoskeletons, and innovative funding models to expand their accessibility. This study highlights the need for future research to optimize the use of exoskeletons in clinical practice and improve the quality of life of patients with motor disabilities.
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Díaz-Grefa, W. P., Portilla-Paguay, G. V., Ortiz-Cartagena, C. L., & Roman-Huera, C. K. (2024). Integration of exoskeletons in the recovery of patients with motor disabilities: towards a new era in physiotherapy. Journal of Economic and Social Science Research, 4(1), 77-98. https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/jessr/v4/n1/87
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Esquenazi, A., Talaty, M., Packel, A., & Saulino, M. (2012). The ReWalk powered exoskeleton to restore ambulatory function to individuals with thoracic-level motor-complete spinal cord injury. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 91(11), 911–921. https://doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e318269d9a3
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Gassert, R., & Dietz, V. (2018). Rehabilitation robots for the treatment of sensorimotor deficits: a neurophysiological perspective. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-018-0383-x
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Hartigan, C., Kandilakis, C., Dalley, S., Clausen, M., Wilson, E., Morrison, S., Etheridge, S., & Farris, R. (2015). Mobility outcomes following five training sessions with a powered exoskeleton. Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, 21(2), 93–99. https://doi.org/10.1310/sci2102-93
Herr, H. (2009). Exoskeletons and orthoses: classification, design challenges and future directions. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-6-21
Herr, H. M., & Grabowski, A. M. (2012). Bionic ankle–foot prosthesis normalizes walking gait for persons with leg amputation. Proceedings. Biological Sciences, 279(1728), 457–464. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1194
Herrera-Sánchez, P. J., & Mina-Villalta, G. Y. (2023). Riesgos de la mala higiene de los equipos quirúrgicos. Journal of Economic and Social Science Research, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/jessr/v3/n1/63
Holden, M. K. (2005). Virtual environments for motor rehabilitation: Review. Cyberpsychology & Behavior: The Impact of the Internet, Multimedia and Virtual Reality on Behavior and Society, 8(3), 187–211. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2005.8.187
Hurtado Guevara, R. F., & Pinargote Pinargote, H. M. (2021). Factores limitantes del crecimiento económico en las PYMES de Quinindé. Journal of Economic and Social Science Research, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/jessr/v1/n1/20
Jayaraman, A., O’Brien, M. K., Madhavan, S., Mummidisetty, C. K., Roth, H. R., Hohl, K., Tapp, A., Brennan, K., Kocherginsky, M., Williams, K. J., Takahashi, H., & Rymer, W. Z. (2019). Stride management assist exoskeleton vs functional gait training in stroke: A randomized trial. Neurology, 92(3). https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000006782
Kazerooni, H., Steger, R., & Huang, L. (2006). Hybrid control of the Berkeley Lower Extremity Exoskeleton (BLEEX). The International Journal of Robotics Research, 25(5–6), 561–573. https://doi.org/10.1177/0278364906065505
Koenig, A., Omlin, X., Bergmann, J., Zimmerli, L., Bolliger, M., Müller, F., & Riener, R. (2011). Controlling patient participation during robot-assisted gait training. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, 8(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-8-14
Kolakowsky-Hayner, S. A. (2013). Safety and feasibility of using the EksoTM bionic exoskeleton to aid ambulation after spinal cord injury. Journal of spine. https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7939.s4-003
Kozlowski, A., Bryce, T., & Dijkers, M. (2015). Time and effort required by persons with spinal cord injury to learn to use a powered exoskeleton for assisted walking. Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, 21(2), 110–121. https://doi.org/10.1310/sci2102-110
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