Influence of social factors on entrepreneurial intentions of postgraduate students

Main Article Content

Murudumbay-Campoverde, Jake Carlos
Astudillo-Durán, Silvana Vanessa
Orellana-Osorio, Iván Felipe

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of gender and family entrepreneurs on the desirability, feasibility, and intentionality of starting a business among graduate students at an Ecuadorian university. It also seeks to determine whether there are significant differences in entrepreneurial intentions across graduate programs. A nonparametric test was used to analyze the differences between sociodemographic variables and entrepreneurial intentions, and an ANOVA was applied to graduate education. The results show that the presence of family entrepreneurs significantly influences entrepreneurial intentions, while gender has no influence. Furthermore, the intention to start a business differs across graduate study areas. These findings suggest the need to strengthen entrepreneurship education within graduate programs; leverage the knowledge and experience of family entrepreneurs to promote entrepreneurial training; and incorporate entrepreneurship education into the curricular design of graduate programs, especially in the areas of education.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Section

Articles

Author Biographies

Murudumbay-Campoverde, Jake Carlos, Universidad de Cuenca

Economist with a major in Business Economics, Master's Degree in Education with a major in Management and Leadership from the University of Azuay, Master's Degree in Business Administration and Management from the University of Cuenca. Entrepreneur and family business administrator, teacher of Technical Baccalaureate at the Turi Educational Unit.

Astudillo-Durán, Silvana Vanessa, Universidad de Cuenca

Economist, Master's Degree in Business Administration, Diploma in Entrepreneurship and Innovation, and Doctorate in Management Sciences. Lecturer and researcher at the University of Cuenca in the field of entrepreneurship and innovation.

Orellana-Osorio, Iván Felipe, Universidad de Cuenca

Commercial Engineer, Certified Public Accountant, Master in Administration, Specialist in University Teaching, graduate of INCAE, and Doctor of Administration. He is currently a tenured professor and
researcher at the University of Cuenca and the University of Azuay. Author of books, papers, and scientific articles.

How to Cite

Murudumbay-Campoverde, J. C., Astudillo-Durán, S. V., & Orellana-Osorio, I. F. (2025). Influence of social factors on entrepreneurial intentions of postgraduate students. Journal of Economic and Social Science Research, 5(3), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/jessr/v5/n3/200

References

Affum-Osei, E., Goto, S. G., Yeung, J. C., Wang, R., Lam, H., Abdul-Nasiru, I., & Chan, D. K. S. (2020). Examining the Factorial Validity of the Entrepreneurial Career Motives Scale: A Five-Nation Comparison. Journal of Career Development, 48(5), 715–732. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845319898870 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845319898870

Amofah, K., Saladrigues, R., & Akwaa-Sekyi, E. K. (2020). Entrepreneurial intentions among MBA students. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1832401 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1832401

Astudillo, S., Bermeo, V., Serrano, A., & Andrade, R. (2021). Intención Emprendedora en los Estudiantes de una Universidad Pública y una Universidad Privada en el Ecuador. Revista Globalización, Competitividad y Gobernabilidad, 15(2), 90–103. https://doi.org/10.3232/GCG.2021.V15.N2.04 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3232/GCG.2021.V15.N2.04

Bouhalleb, A. (2020). Antecedents of entrepreneurial intention: the moderating effect of the family entrepreneurial background. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 28(2), 147-169, https://doi.org/ 10.1142/s0218495820500077 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218495820500077

Coelho, H., & Marín González, F. (2022). Programa de Formación para Emprendedores desde la formación de posgrado en la Península de Paraguaná-Venezuela. Revista de ciencias sociales, (3), 413-429. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v28i3.38484 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v28i3.38484

Díaz-Casero, J. C., Hernández-Mogollón, R.; Barata-Raposo, M. L. (2007). Estudiantes universitarios y creación de empresas. Un análisis comparativo entre España y Portugal. En: Ayala Calvo, J. (coord.) Conocimiento, innovación y emprendedores: camino al futuro, Universidad de La Rioja, pp.1338-1355. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/2234363.pdf

Flórez Orejuela, E. A., & Solano Herrera, E. A. (2018). Estrategias para el fomento de la mentalidad y cultura emprendedora en los estudiantes de posgrado de la corporación universitaria minuto de dios Bucaramanga. FACE: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, 18 (2), 5-14. https://doi.org/10.24054/01204211.v2.n2.2018.3038 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24054/01204211.v2.n2.2018.3038

Freitas, C., Franco, M., Gonçalves F., Almeida, A. Social-Cultural influence on University graduate´s entrepreneurial Intention: Evidence from a Portuguese university, Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 11, 1016227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101627 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101627

Gálvez Albarracin, E. J., Guauña Aguilar, R. A., & Ravina Ripoll, R. (2020). Actitud e intención emprendedora en estudiantes de administración de empresas y de contaduría pública. Revista Universidad y Empresa, 22 (38), 79–105. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/empresa/a.7230 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/empresa/a.7230

Garavito-Hernández, Y., García-Méndez, S., Ramírez-Torres, W. E., & Avellaneda-Rueda, C. (2023). Influencia de las características personales y factores del entorno en la intención emprendedora en estudiantes universitarios. INNOVA Research Journal, 8(1), 89–107. https://doi.org/10.33890/innova.v8.n1.2023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33890/innova.v8.n1.2023.2201

GEIAL (Grupo de Ecosistemas Inteligentes de América Latina). (2024). Reporte GEIAL 2024. Universidad de Cuenca y Universidad Católica de Cuenca. No. 1 https://geial.com/cuenca/

Genescà, E.; Veciana, J. M. (1984). Actitudes hacia la creación de empresas. Información Comercial Española, Vol. 611, pp. 147-164. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=10630

Guamán Carchipulla, G., Asanza Rivera, K., & Orellana Quezada, D. (2021). El aporte de los emprendimientos a la economía cuencana en tiempos de pandemia. Boletín de Coyuntura, (31), 5-13. https://doi.org/10.31243/bcoyu.31.2021.1460 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31243/bcoyu.31.2021.1460

Kubberød, E., & Pettersen, I. B. (2017). Exploring situated ambiguity in students’ entrepreneurial learning. Education+ Training, 59 (3), 265-279. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-04-2016-0076 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-04-2016-0076

Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and cross–cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 33(3), 593-617. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00318.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00318.x

Liñán, F., Rodríguez-Cohard, J. C., & Rueda-Cantuche, J. M. (2011). Factors affecting entrepreneurial intention levels: a role for education. International entrepreneurship and management Journal, 7, 195-218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-010-0154-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-010-0154-z

López Noriega, M. D., Contreras Avila, A., & Peraza Pérez, L. A. (2023). Los antecedentes familiares y los rasgos de emprendimiento de los estudiantes universitarios. Desarrollo sustentable, Negocios, Emprendimiento y Educación, 5(45), 29-43. https://doi.org/10.51896/rilcods.v5i45.232 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51896/rilcods.v5i45.232

López-Sánchez, J. A., Mesa-Gallego, C., Hernández-Ortiz, J., & Rojas-Arias, J. P. (2024). Tendencias en competencias de innovación y emprendimiento en IES. Journal of Economic and Social Science Research, 4(3), 165-181. https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/jessr/v4/n3/115 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/jessr/v4/n3/115

Martínez, M., García, F., & Duarte, M. (2018). Influence of the university environment in the entrepreneurial intention in public and private universities. RAUSP Management Journal, 53 (1), 122–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rauspm.2017.12.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rauspm.2017.12.009

Marulanda, F., & Morales, S. (2016). Entorno y motivaciones para emprender. Revista EAN (81), 12-28. https://doi.org/10.21158/01208160.n81.2016.1556 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21158/01208160.n81.2016.1556

Messina Scolaro, M. D., Hernández Sánchez, B., & Sánchez García, J. C. (2024). La intención emprendedora de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y de Administración de la Universidad de la República. IE Revista de Investigación Educativa de la REDIECH, 15, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.33010/ie_rie_rediech.v15i0.1946 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33010/ie_rie_rediech.v15i0.1946

Mohamad, M. (2015). A Study on Entrepreneurship Barriers and Entrepreneurial Inclination Among Malaysian Postgraduate Students. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2697879 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2697879

Murudumbay, J. (2022). Intención emprendedora en los estudiantes de posgrado de una universidad pública del Ecuador [Master's tesis, Universidad de Cuenca], Universidad de Cuenca. https://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/39575?locale=es

Navarrete-Zambrano, C. M., Boné-Andrade, M. F., & Arboleda-Salazar, C. S. (2025). Innovación y emprendimiento en Ecuador como factores clave para el desarrollo económico sostenible. Journal of Economic and Social Science Research, 5(2), 177-188. https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/jessr/v5/n2/196 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/jessr/v5/n2/196

Papadopoulou, K. A., & Phillips, R. A. (2020, June 2). The Value of an Enterprise Postgraduate Research Programme for creating business start-ups in the UK. 6th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd’20). https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd20.2020.11122 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd20.2020.11122

Pejic, M., Aleksic, A., & Merkac-Skok, M. (2018). Examining determinants of entrepreneurial intentions in Slovenia: applying the theory of planned behaviour and an innovative cognitive style. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 31 (1), 1453–1471. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2018.1478321pi DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2018.1478321

Politis, K., Ketikidis, P., Diamantidis, A. D., & Lazuras, L. (2016). An investigation of social entrepreneurial intentions formation among South-East European postgraduate students. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 23(4), 1120–1141. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-03-2016-0047 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-03-2016-0047

Sánchez-Martínez, D., Aguirre-Llanes, C. E., & Galván-Gaytán, A. J. (2023). Intención emprendedora en estudiantes universitarios. Un modelo a partir de la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado. Vinculatégica EFAN, 9(1), 17-33. https://doi.org/10.29105/vtga9.1-369 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29105/vtga9.1-369

Sandoval Álvarez, C., & Bado Zúñiga, G. (2023). Impacto de la formación educativa emprendedora en la intención emprendedora: un enfoque cognitivo. Contaduría y administración, 67(4), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.22201/fca.24488410e.2022.3269 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22201/fca.24488410e.2022.3269

Sarmiento Suárez, J. E., Reyes Rodríguez, J. F., Ramírez Montañez, J. C. (2022). Intención emprendedora en estudiantes de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana: exploración de un modelo basado en la teoría del comportamiento planeado. Revista CEA, 8 (17), e2018. https://doi.org/10.22430/24223182.2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22430/24223182.2018

Shahriar, M. S., Hassan, M. S., Islam, M. A., Sobhani, F. A., & Islam, M. T. (2024). Entrepreneurial intention among university students of a developing economy: the mediating role of access to finance and entrepreneurship program. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2322021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2322021

Soria-Barreto, K., Zuniga-Jara, S., & Ruiz-Campo, S. (2016). Educación e Intención Emprendedora en Estudiantes Universitarios: Un Caso de Estudio. Formación Universitaria, 9 (1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-50062016000100004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-50062016000100004

Tarapuez, E., García, M. D., & Castellano, N. (2018). Aspectos socioeconómicos e intención emprendedora en estudiantes universitarios del Quindío (Colombia). Innovar, 28(67), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v28n67.68618 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v28n67.68618

Tarapuez-Chamorro, E., Flórez-Laiseca, A. M., & Giraldo-Correa, M. P. (2019). Intención emprendedora en Colombia: el caso de los estudiantes de Maestría en Administración. Revista Escuela de Administración de Negocios, 86, 93–113. https://doi.org/10.21158/01208160.n86.2019.2292 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21158/01208160.n86.2019.2292

Valencia-Arias, A., Andrea Rodríguez-Correa, P., Andrés Cárdenas-Ruiz, J., & Gómez-Molina, S. (2022). Factores que influyen en la intención emprendedora de estudiantes de psicología de la modalidad virtual. Retos, Revista de Ciencias Administrativas y Económicas, 12(23). https://doi.org/10.17163/ret.n23.2022.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17163/ret.n23.2022.01

Yaghmaei, O., Ghasemi, I., & Assadian, S. (2015). Relationship among Influential Factors of Entrepreneurial Intention in Terms of Gender: Case of Postgraduate Students in Malaysia. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6 (3), 195-199. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3p195 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3p195

Zainuddin, M. N., & Mukhtar, D. (2022). Postgraduate entrepreneurship education: can entrepreneurial passion be deloved?. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-06-2021-0237 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-06-2021-0237